The adrenal glands, located on top of the kidneys, make hormones that are essential for body functions. Only an endocrinologist, an expert in hormones, should diagnose AI using standard tests. The adrenal glands do not get “adrenal fatigue” or lose function because of mental or physical stress. Production of aldosterone is normal in secondary AI. It results when the pituitary gland, a small gland near the brain, does not signal the adrenal glands to make cortisol. Secondary AI is the far more common type of AI. Usually, production of aldosterone and androgens (the two other types of steroid hormones made by the adrenal glands) is also low. Primary adrenal insufficiency (AI), also called Addison's disease, is a rare condition where the adrenal glands do not work properly and cannot make enough cortisol (a “stress” hormone).
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